Magazine fire-arm



h 2 E N E E R G D .w a 0 MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

INVENTOR/ Patented Feb. 10, 1885.

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ATTORNEY Ill Ill Ill 1 I Ill Intuit-1111:31- L H .H Isaiah (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. D. GREENE.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

No. 312,201. Patented Feb. 10, 1885.

WITNESSES INVENTOE BY 251M- 40 ATTORNEY 'lhvrrnn Srarns ATFNT Erica.

JAMES DURELL GREENE, OF ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- FOURTH TO VICTOR A. KING, OF NEIV HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

MAGAZINE FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 312,201, dated February 10,1885.

Application filed October 8, 1884.

To all whom it may concern Be it known th at I, JAMEs DURELL GREENE,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Ann Arbor, in the county of \Vashtenaw and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Breech-Loading Fire Arms, of which the following is a specification,

reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in the operating mechanism in breech-loading firearms, Letters Patent having been granted to me for the same in Great Britain J one 18, A. D. 1875, No. 2,241, and is an improvement I 5 of the invention for which Letters Patent were granted to me in the United States March 23,

A. D. 1869, No. 88,161, also in Great Britain,

A. D. 1874, No. 785.

The design of this invention is to increase the efficiency and render more certain the operation of the mechanism in this particular style of breech-loading firearms; and to this end it consists in the application of a boltgun, and especially to the gun for which Let- 2 5 ters Patent were granted to me in the United States March 23, A. D. 1869, No. 88,161, and Great Britain A. D. 1874, No. 785, of an internal rotary cartridge holder l or pannier, whichis operated by the reciprocating action of the bolt, and is more fully described hereinafter.

It consists, further, in the means by which the cartridge holder or pannier is retained in a stationary position whenever it is desired to use the gun as a single breech-loader.

It consists, further, in a trigger of peculiar form and arrangement, which is fully set forth hereinafter, whereby the firearm cannot be discharged until all of the parts of the operating mechanism are in their proper position forfiring the discharge.

It consists, further, in the construction, arrangement,and combination of the parts, substantially as and for the purpose as set forth and described hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view of a longitudinal section of the breechpiece, bolt, and firing-spring, the firing-pin, scar, and trigger in full view, armed readyfor 50 a discharge of the gun, also giving a full view (X0 model.) Patented in England June 18, 1875, No. 2,241.

of the stop-pin, which regulates the throw of the bolt, the cartridge holder or pannier being shown in part by dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a top view of breech-piece, with the bolt inserted in firing position, showing the opening in the top of the breech-piece. Fig. 3 is a. view of a cross-section of the breech-piece on line 00 m, Fig. 1, also aview oi'rear end of lower projection of breech-piece forming the magazine. Fig. 4 is a view of a longitudinal section of a detached portion of the bolt. Fig. 5 is a detached part,.iully explained hereinafter. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the car tridge holder or pannier, in which it is represented as having two blades or divisional wings. Fig. 7 represents a transverse section of breech-piece and cartridge holder or pan nier on line 1 9 Fig. 1. Said sectional view shows a modification of the pannier, having divisional blades between each cartridge. Fig. 8 is a detached View of the bolt.

Letters of like kind and name refer to like parts in each of the figures.

The cartridge holder or pannierA, as shown in perspective view, Fig. 6, transverse section, Fig. 7, is constructed with radial blades or divisional wings, dividing it from its central axis to the circumference into the required divisions for the cartridges, and of the length required. Its outer lines on the circumference form a slight cone, corresponding with the interior of the breech-piece or receiver. Its axle projects at each end and rests in bearings in the breech-piece, as at a a, Fig. 1. The central axis of the pannier is provided with a series of longitudinal grooves, 0, corresponding With the number of cartridges required, each groove having a helical terminus at the rear end. It is provided with another corresponding series of short grooves, a, the bottoms of which present an incline plane, ascendingastheyapproachthelonggroovec. (Shown in Fig. 6.) The bolt B is provided with an operating-handle, f, also a pin, I). Said pin 1) is made of two diameters of cylinders, with eccentric axles, so that when placed in position, as shown in Figs. at and 8, it cannot rotate. As the point of the firing-pin must pass through the pin b, and said pin 2) is required to move in a vertical plane, it is slot- I00 pin D, which has a ratchet-blade, i, to hold it in the desired position, then by drawing the bolt B back its full limit the pin 1) is disengaged from the cartridge holder or pannier, permitting a free rotation of the pannier in the magazine.

The cartridges may be inserted through the opening in the top of the breech-piece, also through the opening at the bottom, which is covered with the spring-cover e, Figs. 3 and 7.

The magazine having been filled as represented in Fig. 7 by small circles, the operation and functions of the several parts which constitute my invention, when being manipulated in repeated discharges of the gun, are as follows, viz: Rotating the bolt B until the operating-handle f is brought into a vertical position, (when the gun is held in proper position for firing,) then it is moved forward, by which movement the cartridge 0 is carried into the barrel of the gun. Before the bolt B has wholly entered the cartridge 0 into the barrel the sear s (projecting upward through the breech-piece and bolt) engages with the shoulder n on the firing-pin, arresting any further movement of the firing-pin. The continued forward movement of the bolt B enters the cartridge 0 into the barrel. It also compresses the helical firing-spring, surrounding the firing-pin within the bolt B, as shown in Fig. 1. The cartridge 0 now being seated in the barrel, the operating-handle f is rotated to the right, thereby securely locking said bolt B to receive the recoil of the discharge, also bringing the recess 9 in the bolt B over the projection m of the trigger-lever E, as shown in Figs. 1 and 8. Pressing upon the trigger-lever E with the finger moves the projection m upward into the recess 9 atthe same time the other end of the tilting lever E (seated in the sear s) is depressed, moving the sear .9 down, thereby releasing the firing-pin, which is now impelled forward by the expansive force of the compressed firing-spring. The expansion of this spring is arrested by the washer 0 impinging upon the shoulder 0, the firing-pin making the impact by the momentum received from the expanding firingspring. By this arrangement of the firing pin and spring the firing-pin is (immediately after the impact with the cartridge and the removal of the finger from the trigger-lever E) drawn back into the bolt B, so that the percussion-point is protected from injury and premature contact with the cartridge 0 by the sear s, which is pressed upward by the sear-spring p impinging upon the beveled edge of the enlargement of the firing-pin, as at a, Fig. 1. Rotating the operating-handle f into a vertical position after the discharge and drawing it backward the extractor-catch of the spring d removes the shell from the barrel. Vhen the bolt B is moved backward, the pin 2) travels in the longitudinal groove 0 in the central axis of the pannier A until it reaches the helical terminus of groove 0, whereby the pannier is rotated sufficiently to bring the next cartridge into alignment with the bolt B and barrel of the gun. In the forward movement of the bolt B the rotating pin 12 enters the short straight groove 0 at the rear end of pannier-axle, the extractor-spring d yielding to the upward pressure of the pin b as it ascends the inclined bed of groove 0, allowing the rotating pin b to pass over into the next long groove 0. This operation is repeated until the magazineis exhausted.

Should it be desired to use the arm as a single loader, by pressing the stop-pin D upward when the bolt B isforward the end of said stop-pin D operates in the longitudinal groove h in bolt B (shown in Fig. 8) to arrest the backward movement of the bolt B at a point when the rotating pin b arrives at the helical terminus of the groove 0 in the pan nier A, thereby avoiding the rotation of the pannier A,when the cartridge may be placed into the gun through the opening in the top of the breech-piece.

Having described my invention sufficiently to enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Ina breech-loading gun, the rotary cartridge holder or pannier A, consisting of a series of blades radiating from a central shaft, said central shaft being provided with a series of longitudinal grooves, 0, each of the grooves 0 having a helical termination at the rear end of the axle, as shown, the pannier-axle also provided with a corresponding series of short graduated grooves, c, the grooves c and 0 operating in conjunction wit-h the bolt B to rotate the pannier A by means of the lug or pin 6 upon the bolt B, substantially as and for the purpose described. 2. In a breech-loading gun, the combination of the rotary cartridge holder or pannier A, )rovided with the longitudinal grooves c and graduated grooves c, as shown, and the lug or pin 1), arranged in the reciprocating bolt B, so as to permit the firing-pin to pass through the same, as shown, and not impede the movement of the pin 19 when passing through the graduated grooves 0' :into the next groove 0 when the bolt B is being moved forward, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination, in a breech-loading gun, of the rotary cartridge holder or pannier A, provided with the grooves c and c, as described, with a reciprocating bolt, B, having a longitudinal groove, h, and the adjustable stop-pin D, said stop-pin being arranged so IIO that one end may be entered into the groove arm projecting to the rear of the fulcrum h in the bolt 13 to arrest the backward 1nove-- upon which the trigger-lever operates, the ment of said bolt B before the pin 1) shall enrear arm having a lug, m, arranged to enter I 5 ter the helical termination of the groove 0 to the recess 9 when the bolt B is in the proper 5 prevent the rotation of the pannier A, subposition for a discharge of the gun, substanstantially as and for the purpose described. tially as and for the purpose described.

4. In a breech-loading gun, in combination In testimony whereof I affix my signature in with the firing-pin and sear s, the reciprocat- I presence of two witnesses. ing bolt B; provided with a recess, 9, and the J. DURELL GREENE.

1o herein-described trigger-lever E, said trigger- Vitnesses:

lever E having one arm projecting forward ,ANNA D. GREENE, and engaging with the sear s, and another CHAS. E. GREENE. 

